Answer: Updating beliefs with new knowledge should be heavily influenced by motivation and epistemological values. 21 ToK Exhibition Objects Ideas to Consider - writersperhour.com As you know, you need to choose one of the 35 IA prompts to base your exhibition on. The IB should make IAs a part of only HL subjects. Our two latest AOKs were called Religious Knowledge Systems and Indigenous Knowledge Systems. The Greeks, for example, did not have any values and the closest approximation we have to describe this situation is what the Greeks understood by virtue. We do not have to look far for examples of disputes with the proper naming of things and you may find any number of them for your Exhibition. Object 1: Heliocentrism theory changed how people perceive the universe. Now they are contrasted with mere observation and description, guided by no mathematical anticipation. Second order claims are claims that are made about knowledge, and you will have to deal with these in evaluating the importance of the claims that you will be making. About Press Copyright Contact us Creators Advertise Developers Terms Privacy Policy & Safety How YouTube works Test new features Press Copyright Contact us Creators . (Heidegger, What is a Thing), This is an instance of the general idea that our mode of access to a type of entity, e.g. Logos is a reckoning that orients ourselves to some other thing i.e. The "brand new" TOK exhibition is worth 33% of the grades. However, it does not supply a sufficient reason for the shops being closed. In active experience, we go forth to look for something. We go to something to see (perhaps with artificial aids such as microscopes) what happens to it under varying conditions, either waiting for the new conditions to arise or intervening to produce them. The doing of unethical or unlawful actions will become de riguer as they take their place within the worlds corporations. Turns out the most interesting topics to those around me are not necessarily in the order the IB has given them . We believe we have knowledge when our representations in our minds correspond to the things that we are inquiring about. For Christians, the name of God is holy, sacred, and He is not to be named because to do so would turn Him into a thing. There is no medieval world-picture: human beings are assigned their place by God in His created order. 7. Each student created an exhibition of three objects to connect to one specific question. In this search, we tend to look for things or at possible things which are far away from us rather than at those things that are nearest to us. This rendering is done through language of some kind. It is what we call research, a searching again for what has been lost. To manage the world as picture we need to think in terms of quantity and measurement, the calculable. Bringing this pre-programmed response to light will help you in your search for self-knowledge in that how you interpret things i.e. What is a sufficient reason? The doing and making of technology, what we understand as instrumentality, is secondary to how technology determines what a being or thing is in the first place. Can new knowledge change established values or beliefs?. These multivarious approaches or methodologies are determined a priori by the principle of reason. For example: I believe that two plus three equals five, I believe that Bill Clinton was President of the United States in 1995, and I believe that I will live another ten years. We cannot count on them because they are not grounded and the principle of sufficient reason supplies the grounds. Why, for example, are we obliged to preserve panda bears in conditions that are far better than most human beings in the world? What challenges are raised by the dissemination and/or communication of knowledge? Correctness is understood as the translation of the Latinadaequatioand the Greekhomoisis. Our tragic literature, on the other hand, demonstrates the implications of the lack of self-knowledge in its heroes actions which ultimately lead to their demise in most cases. This evidence or explanation will find its grounds in the principle of sufficient reason. I dont understand the link. This is done in the modern physical sciences. Our cognition, our conscious awareness, is a type of representational thinking which, in the presentation or the experience, some thing we encounter comes to stand, to a standstill, is put in a position or place. Without such reckoning up (algorithms, for example) our computers and hand phones would be quite useless because they could not have come into existence. atoms or historical figures, varies with our prior conception of their being. What we have called objectivity in this writing is a legacy from the German philosopher Kant and his transcendental method and how this thinking was interpreted by the English-speaking empiricists. While this is not so much an issue for high school students, it will become very much an issue as they proceed in their education. . A contradiction is impossible. It is the Greek fundamental experience of the being of beings, which underlay, and gave rise to, both the subject-predicate form of their language and their conception of a thing as a subject with accidents. This helps us to understand what Socrates meant when he said that the opposite of knowledge is not ignorance, but madness, such a madness as one sees in Macbeth at the end of that play. Withoutphronesisone develops misperceptions of things. In short, your TOK exhibition is a holding forth by you demonstrating how you understand some of the key TOK terms and how you are able to apply them to the real world. If we read the prompt in the light of such expressions as being in the picture, putting oneself in the picture, getting the picture which imply a complete mastery of what the picture is a picture of we see that world-picture essentially means not a picture of the world, but the world conceived as picture from within a framing. They are multiversities because their domains of knowledge exist within various world-pictures. Such a precedence was not present in the early Greek understanding of truth and, subsequently, what we understand as knowledge is not how the Greeks understood knowledge. 32. r/IBO. Thus in pro-jecting, what counts as knowledge is that human being always projects itself on its possibilities, though the range of possibilities varies with the thing chosen. Understanding is prior to interpretation. To that extent, we have renounced the type of description of nature that was customary for centuries and that had been valid as the self-evident goal of all exact natural science. Technology istheoretical;the practical applications, its instrumentality, is secondary to this primary theoretical viewing. It is your job to examine the basis for these first-order claims. It is an important element in the seeing place implied in the word theory and is that which one must rise above (according to Plato in the allegory of the Cave and Simone Weil in her writings) and yet remain, at the same time, rooted to (the return of the released prisoner in the allegory of the Cave). These topics are too complex to go into here, but you could do some research on them before setting off on your journey to your Exhibition. Your TOK exhibition is worth 35% of the grade. I just have one question. TOK exhibition - TOK 2022: THEORY OF KNOWLEDGE WEBSITE FOR THE IBDP Hence, humanism arises at the same time as the world-picture, a philosophical interpretation of man that explains beings as a whole in terms of man and with a view to man. But as Aristotle once said: For as the eyes of bats are to the blaze of day, so is the reason in our soul to the things which are by nature most evident of all.. The abstractions that are the second order questions will be arrived at from elsewhere, thus your discussion of owning can be on the practical application side of the products of knowledge such as patents and the like, or it can deal with a theoretical discussion of what the possible meanings of owning can be. If not, you will get a 0. This fundamental experience of how things are comes to determine for us the manner in which we look at and experience the things we encounter here in the modern age. Tautologies are prominent in modern day computer language. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); https://anchor.fm/john-rick-butler/episodes/Introduction-to-Theory-of-Knowledge-An-Alternative-Approach-er4qvq, https://anchor.fm/john-rick-butler/episodes/CT-1-Basic-Concepts-equfll, CT 1: Knowledge and the Knower: Historical Background, CT: The Exhibition: A Glossary of Prompts, The Assault on Truth: Real Life Situations (RLS)Observations, OT 4: Knowledge and Religion: Introduction, OT 4: Knowledge and Religion: Dewey and Education, OT 4: Knowledge and Religion: Christianity: Thoughts on the Lords Prayer, The Natural Sciences as an Area of Knowledge, The Natural Sciences: Historical Background, Notes on Ancient Greek Philosophy and Modern Science, Darwin and Nietzsche: Part II: The Essence of Truth as Representation, Darwin and Nietzsche Part IV: Metaphysics as Logic: The Grounds of the Principle of Reason. The counting on and relying on are the metaphysics that undergird what is the essence of technology as it is defined in these writings. Inquiries regarding such beliefs are what are called second order questions. I have a hard time distinguishing between added value and branding when I attempt to understand the concept myself. Can new knowledge change established values and beliefs? as an object. Experiment in this sense is quite different from experience: science becomes rational-mathematical, i.e. This prompt and topic is dealt with at greater length in the following links:CT 1: Perspectives (WOKs). Procuring health is the setting up of conditions and abetting the properties that are already present in nature and allowing those conditions and properties to flourish. But even today, the principle of reason is not clearly understood as that which determines all cognition and behaviour. His arguments appear to ignore the fact that it is the public who determines what their interests are and not an individual running for office. It'll help reduce work load for both students and teachers, while ensuring students get a deeper understanding and focus on the HL subjects. Since this is its concern, it is subject to interpretation. It must be that we feel that we have nothing to learn from the thinking that occurred before this time, or perhaps we feel that we already know the discussions that the great minds undertook regarding things in the past and that we can learn about them but not from them. Is Galileos view an improvement on Aristotles view of nature is, of course, another question entirely and one which you may explore in your Exhibition. the technological. Required fields are marked *. What we call culture is derived from world-view. A total world-view cannot understand itself, for from this understanding would come a questioning that would put the total world-view in question. The handing over of knowledge is done through language and this language may be in the form of speech, numbers, or images/representations. A priori comes from the Latin for what comes before, earlier; the a priori is the earlier. How important are material tools in the production or acquisition of knowledge? OT 3: Knowledge and Politics Part 1. TOK Can new knowledge change established values or beliefs? It is the final statement, nothing is without reason, that must be understood here. It lacks evident correctness, evidence. Einstein, for example, has been quite clear that it was not reason only that brought about his theory of relativity but that imagination played a great part in its final coming-to-be. How can we know that current knowledge is an improvement upon past knowledge? Human being projects itself in its own project. Technology is a theoretical,not a practical affair. Can new knowledge change established values or beliefs? Aleksandra Sachajko Confederate battle flag Since 1861 the Confederate flag has been a symbol of the American white supremacy, which is a belief that the white race is pure and superior to other races. Bookmark. they are not underway towards something because they already possess knowledge of the things about which they deliberate and those things are the things which are permanent. An account is an account only if it is handed over. The early church claimed that the earth was flat and that earth was at the center of the universe. What is objectivity? They should also be applicable for other dealings with things, the things understood and delimited and defined by the project: from your three images or objects, it should be possible to expand the application of your interpretation to many other images or objects not included in the Exhibition. The principle of reason states: nothing is without (a) cause or nothing is without a reason or nothing is without reason. The political as understood here is not what we commonly think of as political parties etc. What is considered unknowable is where the search for knowledge begins so that they can become known; but notice that they will become known as things. How this conflict will be resolved is a matter for the future, but one cannot be optimistic regarding what the outcomes might be. However, the heliocentric theory proved that the earth was spherical and the sun was at the center of the cosmos. AnywayToday Im joined by Theatre Teacher, Bob Scheer. Representational thinking, the thinking in images and ideas, the representedness, belongs to the objectness of objects. For example, the statement: Mathematical knowledge is certain is a second-order knowledge claim because it is about mathematical knowledge, and the tools that are suggested by this prompt will usually be related to the knowledge that is produced mathematically. TOK Exhibition by Hennd Benabderrazak - Prezi The same principle operates in Islams rejection of any images of Allah for to represent Him as an image or idea turns Him into a thing. There is no ancient or medieval system, an essential requirement for the reduction of the world to a picture. New knowledge then . But such a venturing is necessary if one truly wishes to engage in a search for the truth of things. It is this that is the great paradigm shift of human being-in-the-world in the modern age and determines the actions that we choose to take and whom among us is sane or not. When we say that science is the theory of the real, we are saying that science is the viewing that allows the interpretation of the being of things to be objects and to be understood as reality. 4. What do these choices indicate? A current example could be the claims made by Alan Dershowitz, a prominent professor of law from Harvard University, in the impeachment trial of Donald J. Trump. Thus we resigned ourselves to the new situation the moment we could make dependable predictions. The products of Microsoft may indeed have once belonged to Bill Gates, but the knowledge that brought about those products he has taken possession of, and that knowledge and its truth is present to everyone. The Natural Sciences: Historical Background. What is essential is not mere ignorance, mere unfamiliarity, but a presumption of knowledge. In asking the question why do we seek knowledge, we are asking what is the reason that our being is grounded in the principle of reason. In your discussion, defining counts and knowledge will be crucial as well as demonstrating how the images you have chosen illustrate your interpretations of these key terms. The seeing is not based on science as the seeing is outside the purview of science. So, in effect, this means: pre-will is in one state/condition and post-will is in an altered state/condition. and feel more politically effective in influencing people to politics are politically active. Who knew? But what about the things that are about us? The being of beings is sought and found in the representedness of beings that arises through the principle of reason or ratiocination and the account of beings given therein. This prompt is covered in greater depth under #17. Listen closely to your conversations among yourselves. to determine what our tastes should be in our various forms of entertainment. Clearly, not knowing how a hand phone works is not an indication of madness on our part, but then what is the knowledge that is being spoken about by Socrates? Such a rendering needs a place where the account can be given and rendered. For knowledge to be knowledge, it must be shared or handed over to others and confirmed and affirmed (See prompt #26). Is bias inevitable in the production of knowledge? But while these world-pictures are constructed in dealing with the beings that are involved in those domains, it is technology as the theoretical viewing that dominates how the beings will be inquired about and the manner of questioning regarding their being. It is an infatuation with immediately given appearances on the basis of which all further experiences of the world are investigated, inquired about, and explained. The intention of this writing is to provoke thought on your part so that you are mindful of your choices and, hopefully, gain greater knowledge of who you are so that you will be able to make more aware judgements in the future about academic and ethical questions. (about 100 words) In the Theory of Knowledge exhibition, I will be talking about the three objects of my choice and the prompt I have linked them to. The projecting of analogies or models is part of the erecting of a framework from which you will demonstrate how you have viewed the objects/images present and show them in a new light (possibly) to others. 11. 16. Reliability is that which can be counted on in any situation that we are concerned with from the choosing of snow tires to the choosing of the surgeon for our next operation, so in many respects this prompt is similar to Prompt #1 in that both the end and use and the characteristics of the knowledge with which we wish to engage and use are at play here. Historicism dominates all presentations of what has come to be called knowledge in the 21st century. The why and the how, as well as the what are explained and this is usually indicated by our use of the word be-cause, the cause is. The principle of reason is what is in operation when we say I get it! in English, for it is the manner in which we take something on, deal with it, perceive it. Prompt 11: Can new knowledge change established values and beliefs?I know this will likely bother anyone who is interested in order and logic, but I've decided to break the order of prompts so I can publish them as I record them. 12. 12. Perhaps in your study of Shakespeare you have come across the Elizabethan world-picture or order of being, but this is not how the Elizabethans viewed themselves; this understanding is a later German understanding. This is called perfection. When what is is defined as object, as object it becomes the ground and basis of all things, their determinations as to what they are, and the kinds of questioning that determine those determinations. What is it that we value in a work of art? why must a reason be explicitly brought forward i.e. People were willing, and still are willing, to pay outrageous prices for a product with Donald Trumps name on it even though the products themselves have been shown to be of an inferior quality. Usually we associate experience with an intense effect on ones inner life, but not necessarily externally, as in That was quite an experience. The soul, when properly ordered, is given to us by Socrates in his prayer to Pan at the end of the dialogue Phaedrus: O dear Pan and all you gods here, grant it to me to become beautiful, to come into the correct condition in relation to what is in myself, what comes from inside, and grant that whatever I possess on the outside may be a friend to what is inner, and grant that I repute as rich the one who is wise, and grant that to me the amount of gold I possess in this world will have as much value for me and that I will claim for it only as much value as a man of understanding should claim.Socrates prayer is that his soul will become beautiful, and this means having its proper relation to the things themselves and for their correct limits; nothing in excess. 11. In what and from where does our word values have its origins? Fortunately the Greeks had no experiences Hence they did not believe that the point of art is to provide them. (Heidegger). 34. 33. However, such knowledge has also brought about many ills and challenges that we are now trying to overcome and must overcome if we are to sustain life on this planet. Is there such a thing or mode of being as objectivity? Opinion regards those things that can be otherwise and that is why it can be true or false. (cf. A good explanation, like good evidence, provides reasons for the answers to the questions whence, why and how. can new knowledge change established values or beliefs? pistis [pstis]; Lat. Other connotations of the word imply some things importance or value such as a disputed goal in football where we say the goal counts i.e. It is assessed internally, that is by your own teachers, but moderated externally by IB examiners. The truth of a principle can never be proved from its result. Your discussion requires that you use representational thinking (thinking in images) and inductive reasoning to move from the particular images or objects you have chosen, establish their relation to one another through analogy or metaphor, and then proceed to the general principles and key concepts contained in the prompt that you have chosen to demonstrate your knowledge of those principles and concepts. how to drink with a scram bracelet on; ottlite military time; online teaching meaning in kannada; Dialectic is discussion conducted in friendship, among two or three, whereas the logosof the disseminator of knowledge is directed towards the multitude, the many. They are the predications of the subject that we call knowledge. v) Shakespeares Macbeth is not a play about ambition: Shakespeare is not against ambition; it is a play that concerns the outcomes of the illness that at times accompanies ambition and the ambitious. As the philosopher Kant said: The mind makes the object. It is what you are doing in your Exhibition which we can say is an event. To conceive the self in terms of experiencing implies that it is either pieced together from intrinsically distinct, momentary experiences or as an underlying thread that persists unchanged throughout its experiences. Historicism denies this truth and it asserts that there is no truth outside of the historical contexts from which it has been produced. TOK.docx - Can new knowledge change established values and beliefs These are written about at length in other entries in this blog and reviewing them might be helpful with your Exhibition under this prompt. Change being negative and positive. This is a particularly troublesome prompt because it requires an exploration of the terms impose and ethical obligations. This is what Kant called his transcendental method. If you know something, it will always integrate with more knowledge if you attain it. One finds the best example of this metaphor in Shakespeares Macbeth and in the motif of sickness that runs throughout that play: Art not without ambition, but without/ The illness should attend it: what thou wouldst highly,/ That wouldst thou holily; wouldst not play false, And yet wouldst wrongly win(Act 1 Sc. The Greeks had a saying: The future comes to meet us from behind and it is this future that is encapsulated in the historical development of the knowledge that preceded it. OMG! The principle of reason demands the universal and total reckoning up of everything as something calculable. The Natural Sciences: Historical Background; View all posts by theoryofknowledgeanalternativeapproach. Dianoiais that thinking which brings separate things together and allows those things to be seen as units, ones or monads. The exhibition, understood as both a noun and a verb, aims to assess how you can apply TOK concepts to the real world by requiring that you bring to presence, bring out of hiding and to hold out, ex-hibit, evidence of your ability to discourse on the subject matter that you have been studying and questioning in the course. What the light of a project reveals are possibilities captured in the interpretation. This assertion is apparently paradoxical or contradictory since the concept of historicism itself must be historical and will be replaced by some other concept at some point in the future. How one re-searches the historical developments within an area of knowledge will be determined byhermaneuticsand the de-constructionof language. 15. 8. The modern world-picture, however, involves several components: mathematical science; machine technology; the reduction of art to an object of experience; the conception of all human activity as culture and as the realization of values (empowerment), the concern of a cultural policy politically; a godlessness that co-exists with the modernization of the Christian world-view and with intense religious experience.
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