thesis, University of Houston, 1941). High 88F. John Shackelford 's Red Rovers and Ira J. Westover's regulars were marched southwestwardly along the San Patricio road. beauty and history of the Alamo by supporting us with your donations. Rusks speech came at the end of the Texas Revolution, after Texians under Sam Houstons command defeated Gen. Antonio Lpez de Santa Anna. Texan sources specify the number of prisoners as 407, exclusive of Miller's men. According to Duval, in February of 1836, the men at Goliad were informed by a Mexican from the Rio Grande that Santa Anna was on the Texas border with a large army. GOLIAD They wore linen shirts and leather shoes. 24, 3, Dallas, TX: Southern Methodist University, April 1939. Omissions? The troops sang "Home Sweet Home" on the night of March 26. Every dollar helps. Hobart Huson, Refugio: A Comprehensive History of Refugio County from Aboriginal Times to 1953 (2 vols., Woodsboro, Texas: Rooke Foundation, 1953, 1955). [1] Contents 1 Defenders 2 See also 3 Footnotes 4 References 5 Further reading 6 External links Defenders Arrived at the Alamo on March 1 as original member of the Gonzales Ranging Company of Mounted Volunteers ("Immortal 32"). Until this episode Santa Anna's reputation had been that of a cunning and crafty man, rather than a cruel one. [152], Unless otherwise noted, these names are fetched from the [10] Alamo website's list[168], Military Rolls of the Republic of Texas 1835 - 1845, Compiled by H. David Maxey [11]. Although not as famous as the Battle of the Alamo, the execution of Fannins troops at Nearly all were killed at the first fire. Bill Groneman, A two day Battle of Coleto ensued with the Texians holding their own on the first day. Santa Anna, however, had clearly stated several months before that he considered the rebels to be traitors who would be given no quarter. rode in as part of the "Immortal 32" Gonzales Mounted Rangers, his brother-in-law, Thomas J. Jackson, also died at the Alamo. Entered the Alamo on March 1,rode in as original member of the Gonzales Mounted Rangers ("Immortal 32"), Entered Alamo on March 1, rode in as part of the "Immortal 32" Gonzales Mounted Rangers. All copyrighted materials included within the Handbook of Texas Online are in accordance with Title 17 U.S.C. Lanham, MD: Republic of Texas Press. But Portilla's volleys at Goliad, together with the fall of the Alamo, branded both Santa Anna and the Mexican people with a reputation for cruelty and aroused the fury of the people of Texas, the United States, and even Great Britain and France, thus considerably promoting the success of the Texas Revolution. Webof Mexican faithlessness at Goliad, and of the treacherous deaths of Colonel Fannin and his men, had spread like wildfire over the United States. Porter, Reuben (January 1878). William R. Carey's artillery company. Daughters of the American Revolution, The Alamo Heroes and Their Revolutionary Ancestors (San Antonio, 1976). operated by. Surrounded on all sides and heavily outnumbered, Colonel Fannin surrendered, and terms of the capitulation were agreed upon near Coleto Creek. In obedience to Santa Annas orders, on this day in 1836 Urrea ordered his men to open fire on Fannin and his soldiers, along with about 100 other captured Texans. Urrea wrote in his diary that he "wished to elude these orders as far as possible without compromising my personal responsibility." Brother-in-law of defender James George. The 115names on that list were supplied by couriers John Smith and Gerald Navan. [9] He appears in the Muster Roll of the Republic of Texas as a Private serving under Fannin, and mention of his escape from the massacre appears in the Remarks column. On Saturday morning, seven re-enactors participated in a living history event at Presidio La Baha in Goliad to commemorate a funeral speech given by Gen. Thomas Jefferson Rusk honoring the Texan soldiers who died at the Goliad Massacre. WebThe Goliad massacre, set in the town of Goliad on March 27,1836, was a killing of Republic of the Texas soldier-prisoners and their commander, James Fannin, during the Texas Revolution by the Mexican Army under orders from General and President of Mexico Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna. "Exploring the Alamo Legends". Mexican Army cannoneers (re-enactors) in this 2010 photo battle Texians for control of the Presidio La Bahia, one of the most fought-over pieces of land in Texas history. Records of John C. Duvals service in the Republic of Texas Army and his escape from Goliad can be found in the Archives of the General Land Office. "A Time to Stand". Surprised by an overwhelming Mexican force, they were chased off and escaped, however 18 of the group were captured and marched back to Goliad. While the Texas rebels dallied, Santa Anna moved decisively. Though some evidence suggests that Taylor and his brothers were victims of the Goliad Massacre, their "," [12] (accessed September 4, 2010). The company reached the Alamo on February 23. Gonzales resident. Harbert Davenport, James W. Fannin's Part in the Texas Revolution (MS, Harbert Davenport Papers, Dolph Briscoe Center for American History, University of Texas at Austin). In February 1836 Fannin and his garrison On learning of the siege, he joined Fannin at Goliad, was captured at the, He was one of the Old Eighteen who refused to relinquish a cannon, leading to the. Thomas Breece's company of New Orleans Greys. Texas Revolution: Santa Anna responds: the Alamo and the Goliad Massacre. John Crittenden Duval, The Adventures of Big Foot Wallace, the Texas Ranger and Hunter (Macon, Georgia: Burke, 1870). No other moment in American history has sur-passed, in indignation and deep-seated horror, that when the tragedy of Goliad was first made known. Texas State Historical Association (TSHA). They were the first reporters of the fall of the Alamo, in Gonzales. Articles from the Texas General Land Office Save Texas History Program, Official Account for the Texas General Land Office | Follow Commissioner Dawn Buckingham, M.D. James W. Fannin was left with only slightly more than 300 Texans to protect Goliad, a position the rebels needed in order to maintain their supply routes to the Gulf Coast. For a lucky few at Goliad, some soldiers were able to escape the carnage. King County was named in his honor. Members of the Crossroads of Texas Living History Association re-enact the death march that took place in 1836 near Presidio La Bahia south of Goliad. All Rights Reserved. For information about how to add references, see, Matthew Ellenberger, "HORTON, ALBERT CLINTON," Handbook of Texas Online (, Harbert Davenport and Craig H. Roell, "GOLIAD MASSACRE," Handbook of Texas Online (, Craig H. Roell, "MILLER, WILLIAM PARSONS," Handbook of Texas Online (, Castaneda, H.W. They were later marched to Matamoros. Jakie L. Pruett and Everett B. Cole, Goliad Massacre: A Tragedy of the Texas Revolution (Austin: Eakin Press, 1985). In 1936, in celebration of the Texas Centennial, money was appropriated to build a massive pink granite monument, dedicated on June 4, 1938. Men dressed as Mexican soldiers (left) advance on fallen Texians during a re-enactment of the 1836 Goliad massacre of Col. James Fannin and his men. Portilla suffered an unquiet night weighing these conflicting orders, but he concluded that he was bound to obey Santa Anna's order and directed that the prisoners be shot at dawn. A monument marks the burial site outside. Age 32, he was taken by Mexican soldiers to the courtyard in front of the chapel, blindfolded, and seated in a chair (due to his leg wound from the battle). ISBN, Articles incorporating text from Find a Grave.com, Articles incorporating text from Wikipedia, List of Texan survivors of the Battle of the Alamo, See section B.F.Nobles courier with Dimmit, http://tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/WW/fwabe.html, http://www.thealamo.org/battle/defenders.php, Do Not Sell or Share My Personal Information. Houston Wade, Notes and Fragments of the Mier Expedition (La Grange, Texas: La Grange Journal, 1936). Itd be a whole different thing if you were out here wearing Gore-Tex, said Mobley, who wore hand-sewn leather shoes with pegged-on soles. Texas State Historical Association (TSHA), http://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/17/107.shtml. She is credited with saving the lives of a number of soldiers spared in the Goliad Massacre, in which Col. James Fannin and more than 300 of his troops were executed on orders of Gen. Santa Anna on Palm Sunday, 1836. Mark Rosenberg reports on rural community life for the Victoria Advocate as a Report for America corps member. His was the only body of a Texian to be buried, after his brother Francisco received special permission from Santa Anna. On March 27, 1836, over 350 Texian soldiers were murdered by Mexican firing squads near Goliad after having surrendered days ISBN, Hopewell, Clifford (1994). Combined Books, Inc.. ISBN, Todish, Timothy J.; Todish, Terry; Spring, Ted (1998). ISBN, Groneman, Bill (1990). Webgoliad massacre list of victims. Bell [?] Every penny counts! [citation needed]. At sunrise on Palm Sunday, March 27, 1836, the unwounded Texans were formed into three groups under heavy guard commanded by Capt. One and a half pages, 7.75" x 9.75", February 7, 1839, Washington. Cody Mobley, who serves as a Texas Historical Commission site manager at Fort McKavett, drove four hours to portray Rusk at the living history event. Henry Stuart Foote, Texas and the Texans (2 vols., Philadelphia: Cowperthwait, 1841; rpt., Austin: Steck, 1935). Harbert Davenport and Craig H. Roell, Goliad Massacre, Handbook of Texas Online (http://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/qeg02), accessed June 10, 2013. Commander of his own infantry company, the Bexar Guards, fought at Bexar, rode in as original member of the Gonzales Mounted Rangers ("Immortal 32"), Fought at siege of Bexar. San Antonio eyes stickers in fight against domestic violence, Man accused of strangling neighbor to death in apartment, SA's last Tuskegee Airman buried at Fort Sam, Pedestrian killed in hit-and-run on Interstate 35 downtown. You can help preserve the "Alamo Defenders: A Genealogy, the People and Their Words". We are a community-supported, non-profit organization and we humbly ask for your support because the careful and accurate recording of our history has never been more important. Web[composite] Muster Roll listing for John C. Duval, indicating that he Escaped the Massacre at Goliad. Belatedly, Fannin attempted to fall back from the approaching Mexican army, but his retreat order came too late. ISBN, Nofi, Albert A. A statue of the Angel of Goliad is adorned with flowers at the Presidio La Bahia near Goliad March 25, 2007. We need your support because we are a non-profit organization that relies upon contributions from our community in order to record and preserve the history of our state. goliad massacre list of victims. More than 400 men were executed that day at Goliad. Dudley Goodall Wooten, ed., A Comprehensive History of Texas (2 vols., Dallas: Scarff, 1898; rpt., Austin: Texas State Historical Association, 1986). Entered the Alamo on March 1, rode in as part of the "Immortal 32" Gonzales Mounted Rangers, Floyd County, Texas is named for him. WebTo provide assistance, James W. Fannin, commander of forces at Goliad, sent two relief forces. Sifuentes, who was portraying a Mexican vaquero in remembrance of his familys heritage, said the musket he fired was a miquelet-style flintlock that he had assembled from parts. Webthe Goliad victims, and remembered the Alamo, glorified San Jacinto, and cursed Santa Anna and all Mexicans, thereby softening the memory of Goliad and of their own sins. From the viewpoint of the Mexican Army, Santa Annas command was justified by a law of December 30, 1835, stipulating that any foreigners caught in the act of taking up arms against Mexico were to be considered pirates and summarily executed. William B. "Alamo Sourcebook, 1836: A Comprehensive Guide to the Battle of the Alamo and the Texas Revolution". Hobart Huson, El Copano: Ancient Port of Bexar and La Bahia (Refugio, Texas: Refugio Timely Remarks, 1935). In Goliad. His solution was tested after November 15, 1835, when Gen. Jos Antonio Mexa attacked Tampico with three companies enlisted at New Orleans. A decree that all who participated in the break were to be executed was modified to an order to kill every tenth man. On March 19, Urrea surrounded the small column of rebel soldiers on an open prairie, where they were trapped without food, water, or cover. However, in the span of only two months, things took a dramatic change.. Though not as salient as the battle It was buzzards.. They are going to shoot us! and at the same instant [John] heard the clicking of musket locks all along the Mexican line.[7], Dodging the first round of fire and avoiding a close encounter with the end of a bayonet, John C. Duval was subsequently able to reach the San Antonio River without being struck by the barrage of bullets that followed. After repulsing one Mexican assault, Fannin realized there was no chance of escape. Logan and fellow soldiers knew a force from Mexico of about 7,000 men were marching to retake this country again & our whole force at this time dont exceed 800 men, but we are willing to meet them when they arrive, according to the GLOs account of the letter. "The Alamo Story-From History to Current Conflicts". Fuentes was jailed in February for theft. Winds SSW at 10 to 15 mph.. Mostly clear. accessed May 01, 2023, One of the Old Eighteen who refused to relinquish a cannon, leading to the Battle of Gonzales. The guard on the right of the column of prisoners then countermarched and formed with the guard on the left. Only the day before, Fannin himself, with his adjutant general, Joseph M. Chadwick, had returned from Copano, where, accompanied by Holsinger and other Mexican officers, they had tried to charter the vessel on which William P. Miller's Nashville Battalion had arrived earlier (these men had been captured and imprisoned at Goliad, also). Sign up now to learn about This Day in History straight from your inbox. Gonzales resident & merchant, member of Consultation, one of the "Old Eighteen", held title to the western half of Seguin, Texas, Gonzales resident, wife Mary was blind, rode in as original member of the Gonzales Mounted Rangers ("Immortal 32"), Washington County, Tx. This is a carousel. Holloway is not listed on most lists of Alamo defenders. Mexican Gen. Antonio Lpez de Santa Anna was already despised for overrunning the Alamo and killing unarmed men in Goliad. Some of the prisoners taken at Refugio but not executed with King's men are known to have been at Goliad, where they were again spared because they were serving the Mexican army as blacksmiths, wheelwrights, or other artisans. Though some managed to escape en route, most remained there until the Mexican government later released them. [citation needed], On March 22, William Ward and the Georgia Battalion (80 men plus Ward) surrendered after escaping from the Battle of Refugio. Handbook of Texas Online, Updates? Kathryn Stoner O'Connor, The Presidio La Baha del Espritu Santo de Ziga, 1721 to 1846 (Austin: Von Boeckmann-Jones, 1966). Determined to punish the rebellious Texans, whom he viewed as pirates who deserved to be executed, Santa Anna mounted a campaign to demonstrate his power by exacting the same kind of retribution upon them that he had visited upon Zacatecas. He formed a company, known as the Tennessee Mounted Volunteers, in Nacogdoches, Texas on January 14, 1836. Morman is not listed on most lists of Alamo defenders. In command of, captured in other encounters) were shot on March 27, Palm Sunday. While in San Antonio de Bexar, Ward developed a reputation of a drunk and with a penchant for profanity. According to the written terms, Fannins men were to be treated as prisoners of war under international custom and would be released back to the United States. Our tribute of respect is due to them.. [5] Not long after Fannins company had begun their march to Victoria, they were pursued by an army of Mexican troops led by General Jos de Urrea. Although not as famous as the Battle of the Alamo, the execution of Fannins troops at Goliad crystallized public opinion in the United States and contributed to a war frenzy against Mexico. Historical re-enactors dressed at Texian soldiers march down the road to commemorate the Texians who died during the 1836 Goliad Massacre in the Texas Revolution during a living history event near Presidio La Baha in Goliad. Ironically, rather than serving to crush the Texas rebellion, the Goliad Massacre helped inspire and unify the Texans. Ceremonies were held in Goliad to honor the memory of the massacre that took place in 1836. Still, Fannin became cheerful and reported to his men that the Mexicans were making arrangements for their departure. Aux.Corps in Nacogdoches, rode in with Capt.Harrison's company, resident of Nacogdoches, fought at Bexar, stayed at Alamo in the Bexar Guards, resident of Gonzales, rode in as original member of the Gonzales Mounted Rangers ("Immortal 32" ), Injured in a fall from his horse and could not fight, so Col. William B. Travis sent him Out February 23 to recruit help from Gonzales. Those not killed were pursued and slaughtered by gunfire, bayonet, or lance. In 1930 some Goliad Boy Scouts found charred bone fragments that had been unearthed over the years by animals, and an excursion to the site by Goliad residents on New Year's Day, 1932, succeeded in attracting an investigation of the site by University of Texas anthropologist J. E. Pearce. Charles Adams Gulick, Jr., Harriet Smither, et al., eds., The Papers of Mirabeau Buonaparte Lamar (6 vols., Austin: Texas State Library, 192027; rpt., Austin: Pemberton Press, 1968). Urrea detained about twenty of Ward's men to build boats at Guadalupe Victoria, and Seora Alavez intervened with her husband, Col. Telesforo Alavez, whom Urrea left in charge of this village, to spare their lives as well; they afterward escaped. Presidio re-enactors honor victims of Goliad Massacre, 101 W. Goodwin Ave., Suite 1200,Victoria,TX, honoring the Texan soldiers who died at the Goliad Massacre, Presidio La Bahia could get new management, Man arrested in shooting death of his mother, Refugio boys capture second consecutive regional team title, Record-setting Dalton Brooks leads area medal rush, Hill highlights Goliad athletes state bound from regional meet, East falls to Carroll in winner take all game 3, 'A catalyst': Victorians young, old show their maker spirit at tech carnival, UHV-Texas A&M-Texarkana game halted by gunfire, Area athletes qualify for state in field events. Its really cool to relive an era of men that embraced tradition, nobility and honor.. Carolino Huerta of the Tres Villas battalion. Apparently, some among the Texans who surrendered believed they would be treated as prisoners of war. Ward perished with the other defenders at the Alamo when the Mexican Army, under General Antonio Lpez de Santa Anna made the main assault on March 6, 1836. But if you see something that doesn't look right, click here to contact us! For information about how to add references, see Template:Citation. We'll send you a couple of emails per month, filled with fascinating history facts that you can share with your friends. These victories of 1835 then intensified Nat [Nathaniel W.] Faison, who is still living, saw him fall. We strive for accuracy and fairness. Texas State Historical Association (TSHA). https://www.tshaonline.org, https://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/entries/goliad-massacre, By: (Bigfoot) Wallace, standing close to the scene of the drawing, decided that the black beans were the larger and fingered the tokens successfully to draw a white bean. [3] The company, known as the Mustangs, came under the command of Colonel James W. Fannin once they arrived in Texas. In fall 1835 he recruited men and joined under Juan Seguin. Urrea wrote to Santa Anna to ask for clemency for the Texians. In fall 1836 Captain Thomas Breece compiled a list of the men who had originally been under his command, and marked Andrews as killed at the Alamo. Had Fannin's and Miller's men been dumped on the wharves at New Orleans penniless, homesick, humiliated, and distressed, and each with his separate tale of Texas mismanagement and incompetence, Texas prestige in the United States would most likely have fallen, along with sources of help. [8], Spared men were given white arm bands, and while wearing them could walk about freely. In November 1835, Texan leaders proclaimed their resistance to Santa Annas dictatorship, though they stopped short of calling for independence. San Antonio first responders received the two calls within moments of each other Friday evening. The third group, on the San Patricio road, was farther from cover; only four men from it are known to have escaped. The impact of the Goliad Massacre was crucial. Andrew Jackson Sowell, Early Settlers and Indian Fighters of Southwest Texas (Austin: Ben C. Jones, 1900; rpt., Austin: State House Press, 1986). Logans brothers used the letters to petition for a land grant. This article does not contain any citations or references. accessed May 01, 2023, If you change your mind, you can easily unsubscribe. On the first day of the siege, Bowie sent Jameson as a messenger to speak with representatives of the Mexican army. Six Texians escaped, five were recaptured and marched to Goliad. Were preserving the history, Sifuentes said. He, along with Susana Dickinson, spread the news of the Alamo's fall to the colonies in Texas. Description [Henry M. Morfit] Texas Revolution: Autograph Letter Signed Requesting Land for the Family of a Victim of the Goliad Massacre. Brother-in-law of Alamo defender George Cottle. Brought in the 18 pounder cannon. Balderas, Capt. From two groups shot on the river roads, those not instantly killed fled to the woods along the stream, and twenty-four managed to escape. At the outbreak of the Texas Revolution, he and his brothers were employed picking cotton for a Captain Dorsett on a Missouri Territory, St. Charles District ! The living history event lasted the duration of the weekend. Shepherd survived the firing squad by pretending to be dead. During the siege, his company defended the wooden palisade stretching between the Alamo chapel and the Low Barracks. Byrd Lockhart on March 1, rode in as original member of the Gonzales Mounted Rangers ("Immortal 32" ), signed on in San Felipe as officer in Texas Regular Army.
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