PDF for Defense Cybersecurity - Defense Acquisition University 3. /Type /Page 3 0 obj In 2014, the Netherlands established a Defence Cyber Command (DCC), with the aim to strengthen the countrys defense and offense in the cyber domain. /MediaBox [0.0 0.0 612.0 792.0] TENTH Fleet,CHIPS Magazine) endobj Reports - Cyber Defence - NATO Library at NATO Library /Filter /FlateDecode x[sSL%bp J+)YMA(e} UN_N?>3|6*gO|_Vm9^vrq]~uVz^g. This Arctic Strategic Outlook describes the United States Navy's strategic approach to protect U.S. national interests and promote stability in the Arctic. This not only makes it difficult to select and impact targets, but it also makes it hard to attract and maintain the necessary human skills (Smeets Citation2021). He also emphasized both the long-term goal of eliminating nuclear weapons and the requirement that the United States have modern, flexible, and resilient nuclear capabilities that are safe and secure until such a time as nuclear weapons can prudently be eliminated from the world. Brussels Summit Declaration. The Navy must find innovative ways to defend and protect its assets against cyber attacks, a top service official said. Cybersecurity scholarship has also investigated the organization of both military cyber entities (Pernik Citation2020, Smeets Citation2019) and offensive cyber capabilities (Smeets 2018). It then examines the organization of cyber capabilities across military and intelligence entities in the Netherlands, France, and Norway. Despite their divergence in organizing cyber capabilities, the three countries converge on the assumption that both responding to cyber conflict short of war and developing military cyber power are dependent on the skills, information, and infrastructure of intelligence services. This update ensures the Navy's alignment with the most current strategic guidance, assesses the progress made since Version 1.0, and validates the initial design's characterization of the strategic environment. hkkH|d~HRhmUdc+llb7,B4sn3s9c%LidC309O/Im-^#Zl# /Type /Pages Cyber Defence Cyberspace is understood as the fifth domain of warfare equally critical to military operations as land, sea, air, and space. First, the ANSSI can respond to a computer attack affecting the national security of France by carrying out the technical operations necessary to characterize the attack and neutralize its effects by accessing the information systems that are at the origin of the attack (Gry Citation2020). /Creator (U.S. Fleet Cyber Command,U.S. it is, according to the Ministry of Defense, neither necessary nor desirable to create a cyber command outside the Intelligence Service. TENTH Fleet - May 18, 2015 MONTEREY, Calif. - Vice Adm. Jan E. Tighe, commander, U.S. Fleet Cyber Command/U.S. It is, however, unclear whether decision-makers have systematically assessed the implications of the organizational structure for the ways in which the two dimensions relate to and shape one another at strategic, tactical, and operational levels. endobj 3D printing is revolutionizing defence by printing small components to full drones on naval vessels, replacement parts for fighter aircrafts to printing ammunition. The exploratory nature of the study ensures an empirical sensitivity in line with understanding cybersecurity as a situated and contextual object of study, rather than being predetermined by the existing theories and categories (Liebetrau and Christensen Citation2021). The Top Five Cybersecurity Defense Insights for 2020 | 2020-06-11 With the 2013 military programming law, the French defense saw the establishment of the first real operational cyber defense chain (Gry Citation2020). 5. However, under the Joint Cyber Coordination Center (FCKS), the intelligence service collaborates and coordinates with the National Security Authority (NSM), the Policy Security Service (PST), and The National Criminal Investigation Service (Kripos) when it comes to countering and dealing with severe cyber operations (Forsvarsdepartementet Citation2020, 7677). /Length 186 The sinew of maneuver across all domains is the network. US Navy 3D printing entire fleet from UAVs, and submarines to - IDST 202 0 obj <> endobj After two tragic, fatal collisions and other near misses at sea, the Readiness Reform and Oversight Council's (RROC) mandate was clear: make our Navy a safer and more combat-effective force that places the safety, readiness and training of our people first. The primary tasks of the unit are the collection of signal intelligence and the delivery of intelligence through cyber operations. Naval Academy, Naval Postgraduate School, and Naval and Marine War Colleges, along with a fresh look at the relationships with civilian academic institutions and corporate learning structures. The 2018 intelligence law says that the service has the national responsibility for planning and carrying out offensive cyber operations, including cyber attacks (Computer Network Attack), as well as coordinating between offensive and defensive cyber measures in the armed forces (Forsvarsdepartementet Citation2018, 12). The NRE Addendum to the Naval Research and Development Framework includes additional detail about how the priorities in the Framework correlate to research subtopics. The Netherlands presented a military cyber doctrine in 2019. The arrangement will allow NATO and Finland to better protect and improve the resilience of their networks. Paragraph 20 - Cyber Threats. Lawrence Michelon, a senior electronics engineer for the Systems Design and Integration Branch at Carderocks Combatant Craft Division in Norfolk, receives the Rear Adm. George W. Melville Award for engineering excellence at the Naval Surface Warfare Center, Carderock Division Honor Awards ceremony Aug. 1, 2017, in West Bethesda, Md. endstream endobj 203 0 obj <>/Metadata 21 0 R/Outlines 35 0 R/PageLayout/OneColumn/Pages 200 0 R/StructTreeRoot 112 0 R/Type/Catalog>> endobj 204 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/XObject<>>>/Rotate 0/StructParents 0/Tabs/S/Type/Page>> endobj 205 0 obj <>stream TENTH Fleet,CHIPS Magazine) The mission of the DCC is to carry out offensive cyber operations in the context of armed conflict and war and act as a potential deterrent measure in time of peace (Ministry of Defense Citation2015, Citation2018). 4 I recognize the scholarly literature on international law and the use of cyber force, but it falls outside the scope of this article to deal with it in length (see e.g. NATO Resources - Cyber Defence - NATO Library at NATO Library 98 0 obj <> endobj The observed divergence in organizing cyber capabilities is likely to be explained by multiple factors, including strategic posture, military culture, economic and human resources, and political will and attention. Ransomware is trending in the wrong direction: 62% of organizations were victimized by ransomware last year, up from 56% in 2018 and 55% in 2017. The EU's Cybersecurity Strategy for the Digital Decade. Issued by the Heads of State and Government participating in the meeting of the North Atlantic Council in Brussels 11-12 July 2018. This article advances this debate by undertaking a comparative analysis of how the Netherlands, France, and Norway organize their cyber capabilities at the intersection of intelligence services and military entities. /Font 55 0 R << This report summarizes the discussions and findings of the Workshop on Intelligent Autonomous Agents for Cyber Defence and Resilience organized by the NATO research group IST-152-RTG. In recent years, the DGSE has become more open about its work, but it remains a very secretive service (Chopin Citation2017: 546). The primary tasks of the unit are the collection of signal intelligence and the delivery of intelligence through cyber operations. Council of the European Union (19 June 2017), Council of the European Union (7 June 2017), European Commission - Fact sheet (6 July 2016), Council conclusions on cyber diplomacy (11 February 2015), Council of the European Union (1718 November 2014), European Commission - High Representative of the European Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy (7 February 2013), European Union - European External Action Service (7 February 2013). Asked by the newspaper Libration about the prospect for future operational cooperation, the head of ANSSI, Guillaume Poupard, has said that by 2025, I think we will have the obligation to have common platforms [bringing together defenders and attackers] to react effectively to the worst threats (Amaelle Citation2020). It also contains a series of powers and procedures such as the search of computer networks and interception. NATO tailors its engagement with partner countries on a case-by-case basis, considering shared values, mutual interest and common approaches to cyber defence. (POSTED: May 24, 2022) The U.S. Navy and Marine Corps climate strategy, Climate Action 2030, setsthe Department of the Navy (DON) on a path to achieve the Nations commitment to net-zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050, while becoming a more capable, agile, and lethal fighting force. >> The Navy's community leader for Cryptology and Cyber Warfare released a new vision titled, "Navy Cryptologic & Cyber Warfare Community Vision" which serves as an aligning narrative for the community. 8 0 obj We use cookies to improve your website experience. The rapid development of cyber threats and intelligence challenges the traditional design of static cyber defense platforms. 4 0 obj We present a novel defense framework to protect against sophisticated cyber attacks, and model it with single-node and defense-chain models. This document is based on U.S. policy and doctrine and will be updated on a routinebasis to reflect changes in guidance. /MediaBox [0.0 0.0 612.0 792.0] This calls for cooperation and coordination across military and intelligence entities. Note: According to Section 1.4 Transition Plan of the new instruction, the old DoDI 5000.02 dated Jan 7, 2015 (Change 3 dated 10 Aug 2017) has been renumbered to DoDI 5000.02T. While there seems to be agreement on the cyber threat landscape, the model of future engagement and collaboration between NATO and the EU is in need of additional clarification. They ultimately broke into fewer than 100 choice networksincluding those of Fortune 500 companies like Microsoft and the US Justice Department, State Department, and NASA (Newman Citation2021). There is hence a need for increased attention and a focused approach to how the country-specific organizational model allows for operational capacity to travel from, translate into, and shape intelligence and military entities and to which implications. Organizing cyber capabilities across military and intelligence entities is only one of many related components in long-term defense planning. /Im3 56 0 R The academic literature has paid scarce attention to how European countries organize cyber capabilities at the intersection of military cyber commands and intelligence services. On January 27, 2017, President Donald Trump directed Secretary of Defense James Mattis to initiate a new Nuclear Posture Review (NPR). Toward Intelligent Autonomous Agents for Cyber Defense: Report of the << The final section concludes and offers recommendations for future academic and policy debate and design. This arrangement is a good example of the cooperation between NATO and Finland it is practical, substantial and at the same time mutually beneficial. Deputy Chief of Naval Operations (Warfighting Requirements and Capabilities - OPNAV N9), Department of the Navy Business Operations Plan for fiscal years 2021-2023, COVID-19 Guidance and Resources 2020: Updated July 28, 2020. /Type /Page As an arctic and maritime nation, U.S. economic and security interests require the Navy to work closely with U.S. interagency and foreign maritime partners to safeguard access and exploitation of Arctic resources. The Concept of Cyber Defence Exercises (CDX): Planning, Execution /Count 3 Author (s): Arts, Sophie. The DGSE is the largest French intelligence service in terms of workforce. endobj Cyber Strategy /Annots [11 0 R] /ProcSet [/PDF /Text /ImageB /ImageC /ImageI] /Length 491 Yet, as emphasized by the Norwegian Foreign Policy Institute (NUPI), given the high degree of secrecy around these issues, we do not know the division of labor between PST [Police Security Service], NSM [National Security Authority] and the Intelligence Service here, but it can be demanding to maintain concrete and formal distinctions between acquisition, impact operations, and security measures in the digital space. The attack meant that Russian intelligence had potential access to as many as 18,000 SolarWinds customers. Full article: Organizing cyber capability across military and The United States Army War College educates and develops lead ers for service Some of this work is undertaken in collaboration with the civilian General Intelligence and Security Service (AIVD) in the Joint SIGINT Cyber Unit (JSCU). (Liebetrau Citation2022, 16). Following the same line of thinking, this article offers a comparative exploratory qualitative analysis (Yin Citation2014) of how the development and deployment of cyber capabilities are structured across military cyber commands and foreign intelligence services in the Netherlands, France, and Norway. Sx~otSKu'NKm c*(,G\X$u62|zJ^C1_ $7{j>3$+908 |xGcMxyI-udI&w6$E>Z@h1;{5_#wJMeB?8x7c9FFugDa+Qf;;~ hb```r ea8IYiX 'oqB"&QVHQDd"X::2::P *0bi=|%X5d%ZT~8d-Xb`ZEQS| Architecting Cyber Defense: A Survey of the Leading Cyber Reference
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