WebPhysics Lab 1 - Bouncing Ball - Hardik December 2019 PDF Bookmark This document was uploaded by user and they confirmed that they have the permission to share it. WebThe independent variables in the experiment are the heights that the balls are dropped from, the surface that the ball bounces on, the type of ball used, ball is dropped vertically, and that when dropping a ball no force is applied. For this reason, its also known as a controlled variable or a constant variable. The push which the ball receives from the floor at the moment of impact causes it to bounce up from the surface. You will then take your bounces and their respective time intervals to a spread sheet. The results of our experiment show that this probably is not the case. The more energy that the ball possessed before being dropped, the more energy was converted into KE while the ball fell. If you determine that experimental errors are influencing your results, carefully rethink the design of your experiments. Therefore the height that it reaches is less high. These polymers are tangled together and stretch upon impact. When the ball was dropped from the higher heights the ball began to show signs of reaching its terminal velocity before it reaches the ground. If you are new in doing science project, click on How to Start in the main page. The distance in centimeters from bounce 1 to bounce 2. The relative height of the bounce should be h/h = CoR2 = 0.72 = 0.49. Hypothesis: Based on your gathered information, make an educated Constants: the same person takes all of the measurements, the same materials are used in every trial. List three. All of the factors that could have affected the results that were uncontrollable could have produced variations between results. A decrease in m, assuming g and h1stay constant, results in a decrease in m g h1which results A decrease in m, assuming g and h1stay constant, results in a decrease in m g h1which results in a decrease in GPE. The ball rebounds to 72 percent of its previous height and continues to fall. The ball has reached its terminal velocity and cannot fall any faster (unless dropped in a vacuum). Its high order and functions achieved with differential and integral operations can't fit any circle, because circles must cover constant speed in simple harmonic motion. As gravity remains the same the amount of work acting on the ball remains the same (apart from slightly more air resistance due to the ball travelling faster and so hitting more air particles per second, but the effect of this is negligible) and the ball travels further before stopping. The balls are shown at rest, about to bounce back up. These stages can also be represented graphically using three plots including a displacement, velocity, and acceleration vs time graph. Because of these forces, both the ball and floor deform inward. Even a specific ball may bounce different heights at different times or different locations. If the coefficient to restitution = 0.7, a ball dropping from h, in a vacuum would reach the height of 0.7 h, As velocity increases air resistance increases in proportion to the square of the velocity. GPE also changes as the ball falls. The sum of the two, mechanical energy, stays the same ( is conserved.). Use two people to measure the results; one person to drop the ball and one to measure the height to which it reaches after bouncing. It was more reliable to use the middle three results as it automatically discounted any anomalies; assuming two similar anomalies were recorded for one height, if they were then they both would be discounted. \(Area = \frac{1}{2} \cdot base \cdot length\), \(Area = 0.5 m \cdot 50 m \cdot 50 m = 1250 m^3\). An elastic surface such as rubber and a very hard surface such as concrete will result the highest bounce level. Such variations in the bounce of a dropped ball rise questions that demand some research and investigation. The ball has reached its terminal velocity and cannot fall any faster (unless dropped in a vacuum). The distance along the ramp which the balls rolls. A single experiment may contain many control variables. This phenomenon is described by Newton's third law. The ball then rebounds: it undents and tosses itself up into the air to a good fraction of its original height. WebControlled Variables: -Golf ball -PVC piping -Angle of Ramp Our controlled variable was Manipulated Variable: -Release point -Distance ball bounces Our manipulated variables was: Dependent Variable: The distance in centimeters from bounce 1 to bounce 2. For the lower heights the flight time of the ball was extremely short and again it was difficult to move ones head over the distance from h. Do a larger amount of results; 1cm, 2cm, 3cm, 4cm etc. The same square of tiling will be used throughout the experiment so that inconsistencies between different floor tiles do not affect results. Materials:-Carbon Paper-Goggles-Golf WebThis experiment,is an investigation into the maximum height of the bounce of a ping pong ball when it is first released.This is because of the unpredictability of the bounce not always reaching the same height.This we can assume their are many factors effecting the bounce of the ping pong ball.The following experiment will determine how different Make a step-by-step list of what you will do to answer each question. After the ball reaches terminal velocity, no more GPE is converted into KE is the ball cannot get any faster. At this level, science becomes even more interesting and powerful.8. As the ball flattening upon impact with the floor is not visible as it happens so quickly it would be almost impossible to measure the size of the ball on impact with the floor. Possible sources of error include several types of measurement errors. This is impossible. Type your answer here: The independent is the variable you change, The dependent variable is the variable you observe to determine the impact of the independent variable, and control variable is the constant, which is something that is assigned a value, and it will not change in the experiment. WebDrop the ball from the line between cinder blocks/bricks to make the measurements more accurate. This will hopefully discount any anomalies automatically and leave us with three accurate and reliable results. What you have learned may allow you to answer other questions. It provided me with five repeats so that the maximum and minimum results could be discounted and a reliable average could be taken. The coefficient to restitution can be found out from a graph of, it follows the gradient of the graph change in h. . This is impossible. The surface onto which the ball is dropped upon will be kept the same. To do that use the scroll button to start, then use arrow keys to move your wave 0.1 second left or right. Averages are more reliable than using one result as they take into account variation between results. For instance result 3 from 200cm was an anomaly but was not taken into account when taking the average of the middle three. Kinetic energy means energy associated with motion. Data table 2 indicates that on average tennis ball bounced to a lower height than it was dropped from. The acceleration on the ball is the acceleration of gravity, which acts downwards on the ball. Hold the ball at 6 feet height and release it. Set individual study goals and earn points reaching them. It is also good to calculate the coefficient of restitution of your ball using the formula CoR = v/v = sqrt(h/h). Conveniently enough, this fraction of returned energy is nearly independent of how much energy the ball had to begin with. WebRamp and ball, controlled study lab report. Hence, the only force acting on the ball is gravity. Use the same point on the ball (top) or (bottom) when judging both the height of the drop and the height of the bounce. In reality, the ball experiences damping, where it loses potential energy and kinetic energy as it falls. I plan to collect at least ten results as this will make the conclusion and graph I am able to draw from the experiment more accurate than if I had less results than ten. The weight and material of the ball will be kept the same throughout the experiment by using the same ball. WebThis experiment,is an investigation into the maximum height of the bounce of a ping pong ball when it is first released.This is because of the unpredictability of the bounce not always reaching the same height.This we can assume their are many factors effecting the bounce of the ping pong ball.The following experiment will determine how different will start at 2m and then move down in intervals of 10cm to 10cm. However, the tennis ball we used may be a very old one, and to definitely prove that our hypothesis is wrong for most tennis balls we would need to repeat the experiment with many different tennis balls. This is in accordance with Newton's second law. 3. Hence the final answer is: \(\text{Total distance} = 2 \cdot S_n = 2 \cdot 9.6 m= 19.2m\). CR can be found out by looking at a graph, the gradient, as a percentage of 1 gives the amount of energy conserved and therefore CRcan be found without knowing v22or v12. A thrown or batted ball may travel faster than the terminal speed, but it will experience a large drag force from the air which is greater than its weight. This means that the higher h. will differ from the height that the ball would have reached had it been dropped in a vacuum. Prior to the sample task, students investigated investigated forms of energy and energy transfers and transformations. From this I am able to determine that the experiment was very accurate. Schematic diagram of two balls dropped from different heights. Air resistance exists but does not affect the velocity of the ball significantly. Test your knowledge with gamified quizzes. The change in direction when the ball reaches the ground causes a momentary acceleration as seen in the acceleration graph (as acceleration). TurnItIn the anti-plagiarism experts are also used by: King's College London, Newcastle University, University of Bristol, University of Cambridge, WJEC, AQA, OCR and Edexcel, Business, Companies and Organisation, Activity, Height and Weight of Pupils and other Mayfield High School investigations, Lawrence Ferlinghetti: Two Scavengers in a Truck, Two Beautiful People in a Mercedes, Moniza Alvi: Presents from my Aunts in Pakistan, Changing Materials - The Earth and its Atmosphere, Fine Art, Design Studies, Art History, Crafts, European Languages, Literature and related subjects, Linguistics, Classics and related subjects, Structures, Objectives & External Influences, Global Interdependence & Economic Transition, Acquiring, Developing & Performance Skill, Sociological Differentiation & Stratification. For an experiment to give answers you can trust, it must have a control. A control is an additional experimental trial or run. That height fraction is equal to the fraction of energy that the ball successfully stored and returned during its bounce. In my science fair experiment, the golf ball overall was the ball that bounced the highest. Try to find more information from physics or mechanics books. If you choose to study on the effect of air pressure inside the ball, your variables will be defined like this: Independent variable (also known as manipulated variable) is the balls air pressure. will differ from the height that the ball would have reached had it been dropped in a vacuum. Specially look for parts that discuss the gas pressure and physical properties of gases. 2. Therefore the ball dropped from the higher height must give out more thermal energy in order to end up with the same amount of energy as the other ball. WebA control variable (or scientific constant) in scientific experimentation is an experimental element which is constant (controlled) and unchanged throughout the course of the Adapted from Plangenhoef, Patterns of Human Motion. Also its Gravitational Potential energy is decreasing because its height is decreasing. C) Frozen tennis balls will not bounce as high. External factors, i.e. The second stage is the point at which the ball decelerates, changes direction once it has reached the peak point, and starts falling to the ground. The maximum and minimum results were included when working out the variation between results however, seeing as the maximum and minimum results were produced by the experiment and are therefore part of the variation between results produced by the experiment. A control is the variable that is not changed in the experiment. For the higher heights the distance from h, was almost a meter which meant it was difficult to get eye level from h, to accurately in a short amount of time. Belowis the graph of h1against h2. This produces a different amount of response in the system. WebThere are many different variables that would affect the bounce height of a ball. Air pressure will affect the balls fall slightly as the concentration of air particles per cubic meter varies with air pressure. An experiment has several types of variables, including a control variable (sometimes called a controlled variable). However, they only stretch for an instant before atomic interaction forces them back into their original, tangled shape and the ball shoots upward. By the time it reaches the floor, the ball is traveling quickly and it hits the floor hard. For a falling object the Coefficient to restitution (C, ) is equal to the velocity squared as the object is travelling at as it leaves the floor (v, ) divided by the velocity squared as it hits the floor (v, If a ball is dropped in a vacuum. Once the ball hits the ground, its displacement is momentarily zero. Controlled variables are air temperature, air flow, air pressure where you perform your tests. This means that not all the GPE is converted into KE as it would have been if the ball had been dropped in a vacuum. Is a bouncing ball an example of Newton's third law? Find the infinite distance of travel. The example of the bouncing ball is used to study projectile motion in mechanics. \(v^2 = 2 \cdot g \cdot hv = \sqrt{2 \cdot 9.81 \frac{m}{s^2} \cdot 3 m} = 7.67 \frac{m}{s}\). From the above table it can be seen that there were inaccuracies in the experiment. The format you use to write your bibliography may look like this: Are you ready for more advanced ball drop projects? The formula for gravitational potential energy is PE = mgh where m is the mass of the ball measured in kg, g is the gravitational acceleration constant of 9.8 m/se c2 , and h is the height of the ball in m. As the ball falls through the air, the potential energy changes to kinetic energy. This would allow one to find the terminal velocity of the ball. As velocity increases air resistance increases in proportion to the square of the velocity. This proves that the higher h1the more h2will differ from the height that the ball would have reached had it been dropped in a vacuum. Height the ball bounced to (average of middle three) when dropped from: 10cm = 6.7 6.7 = 66% of 10 (to the nearest percent), 20cm = 14.0 14.0 = 70% of 20 (to the nearest percent), 30cm = 22.3 22.3 = 74% of 30 (to the nearest percent). The procedure allowed me to observe the affects of the height from which a table tennis ball was dropped from upon the height to which it bounced. A ball that is dropped in air however is subjected to air resistance which affects the height to which it bounces. As the ball falls it hits against air particles. Therefore the heavier the ball is, the faster its terminal velocity.
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